If I... I wish ...

Bu misala baxaq :
Last month Gary was in hospital for an operation. Liz didn't know this, so she didn't go to visit him. They met a few days ago. Liz said:

If I had known you were in hospital, I would have gone to visit you.

Liz said: If I had known you were in hospital... . Real vəziyyət odur ki, Liza, əslində Gary-nin xəstəxanada olduğunu bilmirdir.

Keçmiş zamanda danışanda if had ('d)... ifadəsindən istifadə edirik (if I had known/been/done etc.):

• I didn't see you when you passed me in the street. If I'd seen you, of course I would have said hello, (but I didn't see you)
• I decided to stay at home last night. I would have gone out if I hadn't been so tired, (but I was tired)
• If he had been looking where he was going, he wouldn't have walked into the wall, (but he wasn't looking)
• The view was wonderful. If I'd had a camera, I would have taken some photographs, (but I didn't have a camera)
  

Müqayisə edin :

• I'm not hungry. If I was hungry, I would eat something, (indi)
• I wasn't hungry. If I had been hungry, I would have eaten something, (keçmiş)

Cümlənin if olan hissəsində would modal felindən istifadə etməyin. Would modal felindən cümlənin digər hissəsində işlədilir:

• If I had seen you, I would have said hello, (if I would have seen you - yox)

Nəzərə alın ki, 'd həm would həm də had ola bilər:

• If I'd seen you,              (I'd seen = I had seen)
• I'd have said hello.        (I'd have said = I would have said)

Had (done) köməkçi felindən eyni qaydada wish felindən sonra işlədirik. I wish something had happened = I am sorry that it didn't happen:

• I wish I'd known that Gary was ill. I would have gone to see him. (but I didn't know)
• I feel sick. I wish I hadn't eaten so much cake. (I ate too much cake)
• Do you wish you had studied science instead of languages? (you didn't study science)
• The weather was cold while we were away. I wish it had been warmer.

Aşağıdakı cümlələrdə would have birləşməsini wish felindən sonra işlətməyin:

• I wish it had been warmer, (I wish it would have been - yox)

Müqayisə edin: would (do) and would have (done):

• If I had gone to the party last night, I would be tired now. (I am not tired now - present)
• If I had gone to the party last night, I would have met lots of people. (I didn't meet lots of people - past)

Müqayisə edin: would have, could have and might have:

Would ('d) modal felindən hər hansı bir vəziyyəti və ya hərəkəti təsəvvür edəndə istifadə edirik:

• It would be nice to have a holiday but we can't afford it.
• I'm not going to bed yet. I'm not tired and I wouldn't sleep.

Would have (done) ifadəsindən keçmişdə olan hər hansı bir vəziyyəti və ya hərəkəti təsəvvür edəndə istifadə edirik:

• They helped me a lot. I don't know what I would have done without'their help.
• I didn't go to bed. I wasn't tired, so I wouldn't have slept.

Müqayisə edin: will ('ll) and would ('d):

• I'll stay a bit longer. I've got plenty of time.
• I'd stay a bit longer but I really have to go now. (so I can't stay longer)

Bəzən would/wouldn't modal felləri will/won't modal fellərinin keçmiş halıdır.

Müqayisə edin:

• İndiki zaman                                                         Keçmiş zaman
• TOM: I'll phone you on Sunday.     -->    Tom said he'd phone me on Sunday.
• ANN: I promise I won't be late.      -->    Ann promised that she wouldn't be late.
• LIZ:   Damn! The car won't start.   -->    Liz was angry because the car wouldn't start.

I wish...would...
Bu misala diqqət yetirin:

It is raining. Jill wants to go out, but not in the rain. She says: I wish it would stop raining.
This means that Jill is complaining about the rain and wants it to stop.

Biz I wish...would... ifadəsini nəyinsə olmasını istədikdə və ya kiminsə nəsə etməsini istədikdə işlədirik, mövcud halla razılaşmadığımız hallarda:

• The phone has been ringing for five minutes. I wish somebody would answer it.
• I wish you would do something instead of just sitting and doing nothing.

I wish...wouldn't... ifadəsindən insanların daim etdiyi şeylər barədə şikayətlənmək üçün istifadə edə bilərsiniz:

• I wish you wouldn't keep interrupting me.

I wish...would... ifadəsindən hərəkətlər və dəyişikliklər üçün istifadə edirik, vəziyyətlər üçün yox. Müqayisə edin:

• I wish Sarah would come. (= I want her to come)
• but  I wish Sarah were (or was) here now. ('I wish Sarah would be...' - yox)
• I wish somebody would buy me a car.
• but I wish I had a car. ('I wish I would have...' - yox)

Would modal felindən keçmişdə daimi olaraq baş verən şeylər haqqında da danışa bilərsiniz:

• When we were children, we lived by the sea. In summer, if the weather was fine, we would all get up early and go for a swim. (= we did this regularly)
• Whenever Arthur was angry, he would walk out of the room.

Bu mənası ilə would modal feli used to ifadəsi ilə oxşar mənalıdır:

• Whenever Arthur was angry, he used to walk out of the room.